Semen routine examination
Posted by anata on August 31, 2008 in Venereal Disease
[Projects] semen routine examination
Semen routine inspection and general character microscopy.
1. General character check.
(1) of: a row normal fine 2 ~ 5 ml.
(2) color and transparency: normal just shoot the semen was milky white or off-white, liquefied after a translucent milky white, finerow can be a pale yellow. Bright red or dark red blood fine view of the reproductive system inflammation, tuberculosis, and cancer, yellow pus-like semen, found Jingnang Yan or prostatitis.
(3) viscosity and liquefied: normal fresh semen from a few seconds after the viscous Jiaodong Zhuang, in the role of semen in the plasminogen under 30 minutes after the liquefaction. If the viscosity was reduced Mitang kind, is likely to decrease in the number of sperm, found in the reproductive system inflammation, coagulation of semen found in seminal vesicle not obstructive or injury if the semen is not one hour after the liquefaction, may be due to inflammation caused by destruction of plasminogen, such as prostatitis , The sperm can not inhibit sperm liquefaction activities of the affected pregnancy.
(4) pH: pH value. Normal sperm was weak alkaline pH7.2 ~ 8.0, in order to facilitate the vaginal secretion and acid, pH value less than 7 or greater than 8 can affect sperm activity and metabolism is not conducive to conception.
2. Microscopy.
(1) sperm survival: Pai fine after 30 to 60 minutes, the survival rate of normal sperm should be 80 percent to 90 percent, lower sperm survival rate is leading to an important cause of infertility.
(2) sperm activity: that the sperm activity, but also refers to the activities of sperm quality. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that the sperm activity is divided into four: â‘ sperm activities, and rapid movement, lively and strong, straight forward movement; â‘¡ sperm activities better, exercise can still speed, direction of swimming volatile, with a straight line Or non-linear motion, with a roundabout; â‘¢ sperm motility bad, slow movement, in situ Dazhuan or jitter, forward movement is poor; â‘£ dead sperm, the sperm completely inactive. Normal sperm activity in â‘¢ level and above, if> 40% of the sperm adverse events (â‘¢, â‘£) level, often the result of the important reasons for male infertility. Low sperm activity, mainly seen of varicocele, the reproductive system of non-specific urinary infection, application of certain drugs such as antimalarial drugs, such as by the androgen.
(3) sperm counts: normal sperm count to 0.6 × 1012 ~ 1.5 × 0.012 / L, equivalent to a sperm from a total of 400 × 106 ~ 600 × 106. When the sperm of numerical <20 × 106/ml fine or a row the total number of <100 × 106 for the sperm to reduce, over the limit and pregnancy does not lead to infertility. Semen or direct smear centrifugal precipitation after the sperm were not available for azoospermia. Testosterone found in congenital hypoplasia, deformity or injury and acquired testicular atrophy (such as testicular tuberculosis, inflammation, gonorrhea, pituitary or adrenal function of the endocrine diseases, etc.), vasectomies and vasectomy obstruction or congenital defects seminal vesicle, is leading to less fine No fine or the important reasons, also contributed to an important cause of infertility. Check for sperm vasectomy also check the effect of. Six weeks after the ligation, for inspection without sperm that operation is successful, if ligation Two months later, there is still sperm in the semen that surgery is unsuccessful.
(4) sperm morphology: normal sperm in the form of abnormal sperm should be less than 10 percent to 15 percent, if the abnormal form of sperm in the semen of> 20%, would lead to sterility, probably because of varicocele, in the blood of toxic Metabolites, lead pollution or application of high-dose radiation and the use of toxic substances caused by abnormal sperm morphology. If the semen found in> 1 percent of the pathological immature cells, including spermatogonia, spermatocytes and development of the sperm cells are not completely, suggesting that the testes of the song seminiferous spermatogenesis by drugs or other factors or injury. If the sperm agglutination> 10%, suggesting that reproductive tract infections or abnormal immune function.
[Clinical significance] semen less than 1.5 ml; isolated after 30 minutes or not liquefied liquefied not entirely; activities of less than 40 percent of the sperm or sperm undesirable activities; number of sperm in 060 million / ml below normal Sperm morphology less than 80 per cent may lead to infertility. Semen less common in seminal vesicle and prostate diseases, no sperm or too few sperm in the reproductive system common tuberculosis and non-specific inflammation, such as mumps with testicular inflammation, testicular dysplasia; semen in a large number of interleukin common in Jingnang Yan, prostatitis Or tuberculosis; semen in a large number of red blood cells in the seminal vesicle common tuberculosis and prostate cancer.
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