Neural Science Research and Development
Posted by anata on August 31, 2008 in Venereal Disease
INTRODUCTION In recent years, the nerve of scientific research has made great progress in outstanding performance in basic research has been developed to the level of general anatomy of cellular and molecular level; clinical research is also under the naked eye from open heart surgery to the development of minimally invasive surgical treatment, or even break “Operation Forbidden Zone” concept. This paper summarizes and analyses in recent years in the discipline of basic and clinical research developments and trends.
1 basic research
1.1 traumatic brain injury research at home and abroad to create a variety of brain injury model. Among them, I have established a slowdown of the rabbit brain injury model, rabbits diffuse axonal brain injury model, frozen rabbit brain injury model, the cat cortex brain injury model, open and closed model of brain injury in rats, rat brain Ziyouluoti Injury model in rats and secondary brain injury model. Study found that brain damage after acute cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension is the result of the temple and the central failure of the key factors, there are several factors involved in the formation of cerebral edema, including over-excited sympathetic cells calcium overload, blood Brain barrier permeability, metabolic glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity spectrum of amino acids increased catecholamines increased, the red cell membrane of the ATP inhibited thromboxane A2 and the imbalance of prostaglandin, and so on. Traumatic brain edema in the nerve cells of calcium overload cell protein and lipid metabolism serious disorder, the membrane system damage, so that calmodulin activation, Ca2 +-ATp activity decreased, the brain norepinephrine and 5 – to increase the release of serotonin , Systolic and diastolic dysfunction and vascular permeability of the blood-brain barrier, such as caused by increased. The first in the country after injury early in the calcium channel blocker, to improve cerebral microcirculation and metabolism of the brain studied. Nearly 10 a, the use of research results in patients with severe brain injury treatment 2,036 cases, the cure rate from the previous 60.5 percent to 80.0 percent, the mortality rate from 28.9% to 15.0%, clinical treatment of The advanced international level, the international community first proposed the concept of secondary brain damage, and diffuse brain injury axis of a systematic study. On post-traumatic brain nerve regeneration of a preliminary exploration, discovery of neural stem cells can be directed to differentiate into nerve cells and glial cells, the nerve regeneration have a certain role in platelet-derived growth factor, nerve growth factor such as nerve damage can promote the shaft Cable renewable [1,2].
1.2 Brain Tumor Research
1.2.1 of the molecular genetics of brain tumors in the cause of brain tumors is not very clear. Recent studies found that the human brain tumors exist simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA and protein expression of cancer Tag, SV40 may cause brain tumors is an important factor in [3]. Our research shows that many, c-erbB1, c-myc, ras, mdm2, bcl-2 gene in glioma, such as cancer tissue was higher expression, and with the increase pathological grade glioma increase [4 , 5]; tumor suppressor gene p53, PTEN, p21 and p16 in brain tumors and other organizations have shown varying degrees of inactivation, which is caused tumor cell cycle regulation out of control, leading to tumor growth factors. Brain tumor cells with the relevant dysfunction, of which the elements of apoptosis control system bcl-2 gene family and a Fas ligand receptor system plays an important role [5]. Study, the incidence of brain tumors and development is a complex, its etiology research should be multi-disciplinary and multi-angle to cross.
1.2.2 brain tumor growth and invasion and the international community has a variety of brain tumor invasion model, I built a tree in mice by subcutaneous human glioma model, the rat brain glioma model, mice brain glial Of model [6]. Our research shows that there are many factors involved in the proliferation of malignant brain tumor and the invasion process. Among them, vascular endothelial growth factor in brain tumor angiogenesis and tumor edema play an important role in, is involved in tumor invasion and one of the main factors. Adhesion molecules, urokinase-type plasminogen activator and inhibitor, invasion-related gene CD44, CB, IV collagenase and mm23 gene also may be involved in the invasion of glioma cells, angiogenesis and its vicious evolution Process and have synergies [6,7]. Application of green fluorescent protein tag glioma cells in the body of the difference between invasion and tumor cells have a stronger week of the invasion, from the transitional tumor entities more remote, this may be difficult to glioma surgery for removal and clean After the recurrence of the main reasons [8]. We believe that the proliferation of malignant brain tumor growth and invasion should be comprehensive in-depth study, to get a breakthrough.
1.2.3 brain tumor gene therapy for brain tumor gene therapy is a new means of adjuvant therapy, at home and abroad have launched a variety of programmes. We will commit suicide gene CD-enzyme (drug precursors 5 – FU) and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase nuclear Effect TK (precursor drug GCV) combined to make the glioma-bearing rats are eradicated, the therapy To avoid the application of systemic side effects of chemotherapy drugs, and as much as possible so that drugs reach the tumor target organ, demonstrating the superiority of the treatment. To glioma cells transfected wild-type gene p53, PTEN, p21 and P16, the tumor cells can induce apoptosis, and make such nude mice in the tumor cells of the tumor to a significant drop. Application of VEGF165 antisense RNA glioma was initially successful cloning of angiostatin K (1-3) and endostatin gene. Application of these genes could inhibit human glioma angiogenesis and tumor growth in experimental treatment study has been made with effect [9,10].
130 other brain diseases I have established a rat model of Parkinson’s disease, the application of high-frequency electrical stimulation of rats subthalamic nucleus, Parkinson’s disease symptoms were significantly improved, suggesting that electrical stimulation for Parkinson’s disease have a better effect In rats traumatic cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model, the CAI neurons in the hippocampus of pathology and related activity of the study found that insulin on ischemic brain injury in a central role in the protection; created the sound of the brain Damage model, elaborated on the role of sound receptors in the rat brain mGluRs temporal and spatial variation of the use of epilepsy in a rat model of surgical treatment of epilepsy, such as surgical treatment of the disease has laid a theoretical foundation of [11].
2 clinical research I have many years of continuous development, has formed and the international and domestic synchronized with the microscopic skull base surgery, stereotactic technology, Dian Xianzao removal, treatment and disease intervention X Yidao radiation therapy and other treatment modalities, Neurosurgery related to the disease have been effective treatment.
On the bridge area in the brain and cerebellum angle tumor surgery, because of the universal application of a surgical microscope, taken by the nose of a Sphenoid Sinus and the suboccipital – B Approach Sinus, such as reasonable after the operation so that the pituitary adenoma and diseases such as acoustic neuroma Get a better treatment for skull base tumor, were taken by the former cranial fossa, cerebral hemisphere, the wings on both sides, and measured approach, such as the skull base, or by the body, the ventricle, the end plate of selective people Road, The past some difficult surgical resection of the tumor has been radical, expanded the scope of the treatment of intracranial tumors. Over the years, we have the skull base Microsurgery 1,120 cases of cancer treatment, the effective rate was 98.0 percent.
Use of stereotactic surgery for Parkinson’s disease, reversing cramps, small brain lesions, cystic craniopharyngioma, transparent, such as cysts at 1,585 cases, the effect of significantly, cured, improved rate of 97.2 percent. Intracranial metal foreign body removal of the 190 cases were first operation successful, no complications and death. Epilepsy pain in the cerebral cortex and deep electrophysiological positioning technology, to the kitchen for the treatment of epilepsy. And some of the intractable seizures of epilepsy patients, a significant effect. Launched cortex brain resection (for a pre-ying and lobectomy), in resection Corpus Callosum, selectively hippocampus, amygdala of damage. Treatment of 35 cases, the efficiency of 83.0 percent. By Endovascular intervention therapy for intracranial aneurysm and brain vascular malformation 127 cases, 81.6 percent were cured. X Yidao treatment of brain tumors 510 cases, the effective rate is 95.2% [12-14].
We stand in neurosurgery fields, we should conduct in-depth basic and clinical research, to promote the development of disciplines is very important, the unit should be conditional on efforts to achieve the above-mentioned study, the cause of human health services.
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